be they of a biological, psychological or sociological nature? Is man but an accidental product of these? Most important,
do the prisoners’ reactions to the singular world of the concentration camp prove that man cannot escape the influences of his surroundings?
Does man have no choice of action in the face of such circumstances? We can answer these questions from experience as well as on principle.
The experiences of camp life show that man does have a choice of action.
There were enough examples, often of a heroic nature, which proved that apathy could be overcome, irritability suppressed.
Man can preserve a vestige of spiritual freedom, of independence of mind, even in such terrible conditions of psychic and physical stress.
We who lived in concentration camps can remember the men who walked through the huts comforting others, giving away their last piece of bread.
They may have been few in number, but they offer sufficient proof that everything can be taken from a man but one thing:
the last of the human freedoms—to choose one’s attitude in any given set of circumstances, to choose one’s own way.
And there were always choices to make. Every day, every hour, offered the opportunity to make a decision,
a decision which determined whether you would or would not submit to those powers which threatened to rob you of your very self, your inner freedom;
which determined whether or not you would become the plaything of circumstance,
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